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Newa (Unicode block)

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Newa
RangeU+11400..U+1147F
(128 code points)
PlaneSMP
ScriptsNewa
Assigned97 code points
Unused31 reserved code points
Unicode version history
9.0 (2016)92 (+92)
11.0 (2018)93 (+1)
12.0 (2019)94 (+1)
13.0 (2020)97 (+3)
Unicode documentation
Code chart ∣ Web page
Note: [1][2]

Newa is a Unicode block containing characters from the Newa alphabet, which is used to write Nepal Bhasa.

Newa[1][2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+1140x 𑐀 𑐁 𑐂 𑐃 𑐄 𑐅 𑐆 𑐇 𑐈 𑐉 𑐊 𑐋 𑐌 𑐍 𑐎 𑐏
U+1141x 𑐐 𑐑 𑐒 𑐓 𑐔 𑐕 𑐖 𑐗 𑐘 𑐙 𑐚 𑐛 𑐜 𑐝 𑐞 𑐟
U+1142x 𑐠 𑐡 𑐢 𑐣 𑐤 𑐥 𑐦 𑐧 𑐨 𑐩 𑐪 𑐫 𑐬 𑐭 𑐮 𑐯
U+1143x 𑐰 𑐱 𑐲 𑐳 𑐴 𑐵 𑐶 𑐷 𑐸 𑐹 𑐺 𑐻 𑐼 𑐽 𑐾 𑐿
U+1144x 𑑀 𑑁 𑑂 𑑃 𑑄 𑑅 𑑆 𑑇 𑑈 𑑉 𑑊 𑑋 𑑌 𑑍 𑑎 𑑏
U+1145x 𑑐 𑑑 𑑒 𑑓 𑑔 𑑕 𑑖 𑑗 𑑘 𑑙 𑑚 𑑛 𑑝 𑑞 𑑟
U+1146x  𑑠‎   𑑡‎ 
U+1147x
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 15.1
2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

History[edit]

A Unicode character set was initially proposed in May 2011.[3] A previous tentative mapping of the first SMP also included the script[4] and later versions include the proposal.[5] A revised proposal[6] using the name "Newar" is reflected in the roadmap from 6.0.12.[7] This revised proposal was "to enable the broadest representation of the Newar script, from the historical forms of Old Newar manuscripts to the present style of 'Prachalit' known as 'Nepal Lipi'".[6] An alternative proposal was produced by a group of Newars in Kathmandu led by Devdass Manandhar supported by the linguist Tej Ratna Kansakar, which differed in a number of ways from the Pandey proposals, the most significant being the inclusion of a number of breathy (nasalised) consonants which had historically been written with a grapheme that could be mistaken for a conjunct but written the wrong way round.[8]

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Newa block:

Version Final code points[a] Count L2 ID WG2 ID Document
9.0 U+11400..11459, 1145B, 1145D 92 L2/09-325 N3692 Everson, Michael (2009-09-28), Roadmapping the scripts of Nepal
L2/11-152 N4038 Pandey, Anshuman (2011-05-05), Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Prachalit Nepal Script in ISO/IEC 10646
L2/12-031 Anderson, Deborah; McGowan, Rick; Whistler, Ken (2012-01-27), "VII. NEWAR", Review of Indic-related L2 documents and Recommendations to the UTC
L2/12-120 N4322 Manandhar, Dev Dass; Karmacharya, Samir; Chitrakar, Bishnu (2012-02-05), Proposal for the Nepālalipi script in the UCS
L2/12-003R N4184 Pandey, Anshuman (2012-02-29), Proposal to encode the Newar Script in ISO/IEC 10646
L2/12-147 Anderson, Deborah; McGowan, Rick; Whistler, Ken (2012-04-25), "VI. "NEPĀLALIPI" / "NEWAR"", Review of Indic-related L2 documents and Recommendations to the UTC
L2/12-200R Whistler, Ken (2012-06-04), On the encoding of the "Nepaalalipi" / "Newar" script
L2/12-244 Manandhar, Dev Dass (2012-07-21), Response to L2/12-200 "On the encoding of the 'Nepaalalipi' / 'Newar' script"
L2/12-245 Manandhar, Dev Dass (2012-07-21), Ancillary materials on "breathy consonants" in "Nepaalalipi"
L2/12-336 N4372 Sinclair, Iain (2012-10-22), Letter in support of N4184 and encoding the Newar script in ISO/IEC 10646
L2/12-349 Manandhar, Dev Dass; Karmacharya, Samir; Chitrakar, Bishnu (2012-10-29), Proposal for the Nepaalalipi script in the UCS
L2/12-378 Anderson, Deborah; McGowan, Rick; Whistler, Ken (2012-11-05), "I. NEWAR/NEPAALALIPI", Review of Indic-related documents and Recommendations to the UTC
L2/12-390 Anderson, Deborah (2012-11-08), Comparison between Newar and Nepaalalipi proposals (L2/12-003 and L2/12-349)
L2/12-343R2 Moore, Lisa (2012-12-04), "D.8", UTC #133 Minutes
L2/13-029 Manandhar, Dev Dass; Chitrakar, Bishnu; Karmacharya, Samir (2013-01-28), To Unicode Technical Committee (UTC)
L2/14-086 Manandhar, Dev Dass; Karmacharya, Samir; Chitrakar, Bishnu (2014-04-10), Proposal to Encode Nepaalalipi Script in ISO/IEC 10646
L2/14-129 Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh (2014-05-02), "1", Recommendations to UTC #139 May 2014 on Script Proposals
L2/14-220 Anderson, Deborah (2014-09-23), Comparison between Newar and Nepaalalipi proposals (L2/12-003 and L2/14-086)
L2/14-253 Anderson, Deborah (2014-10-06), Recommendations to UTC from Script Meeting in Nepal
L2/14-258 N4602 Pandey, Anshuman (2014-10-22), Response to the Recommendation for Nepalese Scripts in L2/14-253
L2/14-268R Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh; Iancu, Laurențiu; Glass, Andrew; Constable, Peter; Suignard, Michel (2014-10-27), "5. Nepaalalipi/Newar", Recommendations to UTC #141 October 2014 on Script Proposals
L2/14-281 Whistler, Ken (2014-10-27), Rationale for Atomic Encoding of Murmured Resonants in Newa
L2/14-290 N4552 Pandey, Anshuman (2014-10-28), Specimen Showing Representation of Murmured Consonants in the Newar Script
L2/14-250 Moore, Lisa (2014-11-10), "Consensus 141-C23", UTC #141 Minutes, Accept 92 Newa characters at U+11400..U+1145D, omitting U+1145A and U+1145C, with block Newa U+11400..U+1147F and properties as given in L2/14-12-003, for encoding in Unicode 9.0. See L2/14-285.
L2/14-285R3 N4660 Whistler, Ken (2014-12-04), Towards a Consensus Encoding of Newa
11.0 U+1145E 1 L2/16-383 N4816 A, Srinidhi; A, Sridatta (2016-12-23), Proposal to encode the SANDHI MARK for Newa
L2/17-037 Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai; Ishida, Richard; Misra, Karan; McGowan, Rick (2017-01-21), "9. Newa", Recommendations to UTC #150 January 2017 on Script Proposals
L2/17-016 Moore, Lisa (2017-02-08), "D.3.1", UTC #150 Minutes
L2/17-130 Anderson, Deborah (2017-04-19), Comments on L2/16-322 and L2/16-383, Sandhi marks for Bengali and Newa
L2/17-153 Anderson, Deborah (2017-05-17), "4. Bengali and Newa", Recommendations to UTC #151 May 2017 on Script Proposals
L2/17-103 Moore, Lisa (2017-05-18), "D.3 Sandhi Mark", UTC #151 Minutes
12.0 U+1145F 1 L2/17-093 N4865 A, Srinidhi; A, Sridatta (2017-04-08), Proposal to encode the NEWA LETTER VEDIC ANUSVARA
L2/17-255 Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai (2017-07-28), "7. Indic Editorial Updates", Recommendations to UTC #152 July-August 2017 on Script Proposals
L2/17-222 Moore, Lisa (2017-08-11), "D.6.1", UTC #152 Minutes
N4953 (pdf, doc) "M66.16d", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 66, 2018-03-23
13.0 U+1145A 1 L2/12-003R N4184 Pandey, Anshuman (2012-02-29), Proposal to encode the Newar Script in ISO/IEC 10646
L2/17-440 N4933 A, Srinidhi; A, Sridatta (2017-12-24), Proposal to encode the DOUBLE COMMA for Newa
L2/18-039 Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai; Cook, Richard (2018-01-19), "16. Newa", Recommendations to UTC #154 January 2018 on Script Proposals
L2/18-115 Moore, Lisa (2018-05-09), "D.4.2", UTC #155 Minutes
U+11460..11461 2 L2/17-369R N4932 A, Srinidhi; A, Sridatta (2017-12-08), Proposal to encode JIHVAMULIYA and UPADHMANIYA for Newa
L2/17-364 McGowan, Rick (2017-10-09), "Indic_Syllabic_Category of Newa jihvamuliya and upadhmaniya", Comments on Public Review Issues (July 26 - October 13, 2017)
L2/18-039 Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai; Cook, Richard (2018-01-19), "16. Newa", Recommendations to UTC #154 January 2018 on Script Proposals
L2/18-115 Moore, Lisa (2018-05-09), "D.4.1", UTC #155 Minutes
N5020 (pdf, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2019-01-11), "10.3.5", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 67
  1. ^ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  2. ^ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  3. ^ Pandey, Anshuman (2011-05-03). "N4038: Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Prachalit Nepal Script in ISO/IEC 10646" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-06-24.
  4. ^ Michael Everson; Rick McGowan; Ken Whistler (2009-04-24). "Roadmap to the SMP, Revision 5.1.5". Retrieved 2016-06-24.
  5. ^ Michael Everson; Rick McGowan; Ken Whistler; V.S. Umamaheswaran (2011-11-28). "Roadmap to the SMP, Revision 6.0.11". Retrieved 2016-06-24.
  6. ^ a b Pandey, Anshuman (2012-02-29). "N4184: Proposal to Encode the Newar Script in ISO/IEC 10646" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-06-24.
  7. ^ Michael Everson; Rick McGowan; Ken Whistler; V.S. Umamaheswaran (2012-01-06). "Roadmap to the SMP, Revision 6.0.12". Retrieved 2016-06-24.
  8. ^ Dev Dass Manandhar; Samir Karmacharya; Bishnu Chitrakar (2012-02-05). "N4322: Proposal for the Nepālalipi Script in the Universal Character Set for inclusion in the Unicode Standard" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-06-24.